Where can you specifically put JavaScript in a web document?

JavaScript can be placed in both the head and body sections of a web document, making this the correct answer.

When placed in the head section, JavaScript can be used for functions that need to be loaded before the rest of the page content, such as defining event handlers or initializing scripts. However, placing JavaScript in the body section allows the script to interact directly with the page elements as they are being rendered, which can be beneficial for scripts that manipulate the DOM or respond to user interactions.

Additionally, it's common practice to include scripts at the end of the body section before the closing tag to ensure that the HTML has fully loaded before the script executes. This can improve performance and avoid issues related to trying to manipulate elements that have not yet been rendered in the browser.

Using external files for JavaScript is also a valid method, but this option specifically addresses where to place the JavaScript within the document itself. Hence, the option that refers to placing JavaScript in both the head and body sections captures the flexibility and common usage of JavaScript in web documents.